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The phrase "who is and was and is to come" (ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος) first appears in Revelation 1:4. These terms are repeated in 1:8 and then again in 4:8 except the order is changed: "who was and is and is to come" (ὁ ἦν καὶ ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος). After this the initial phrase is used and repeated except "to come" has been omitted: "who is and was" (ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν).
The arrangement throughout the book is chiastic:
Are all five passages referring to the same person? What significance should be attached to the unque order in 4:8? What does omitting "is to come" in the final two signify?