Is εἰρήνη ὑμῖν (peace be with you) in John 20:19 Jesus using the common greeting שָׁלוֹם לָכֶם (shalom lachem) in the first century?

Is εἰρήνη ὑμῖν (peace be with you) in John 20:19 Jesus using the common greeting שָׁלוֹם לָכֶם (shalom lachem) in the first century?

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To clarify this question, I am asking if שָׁלוֹם לָכֶם (shalom lachem) was a common greeting in the first century?

εἰρήνη would normally be translated שָׁלוֹם

ὑμῖν — the dative as used here would be translated with לָ and the 2nd person plural with the ending כֶם added to the preposition.

However, there seems to be some debate about when this became a common greeting. For example, see How ‘Shalom Aleykhem’ Originated and Why It Doesn’t Appear in the Bible

Note Franz Julius Delitzsch translated "and said to them, ‘Peace be with you’"
וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵיהֶם שָׁלוֹם לָכֶם

שָׁלוֹם אֲלֵיהֶם fits the greeting better.

1 Comment

  • Reply June 17, 2025

    Pentecostal Theology

    Peace be with you Philip Williams @stanley Wayne is in all 4 gospels

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