Click to join the conversation with over 500,000 Pentecostal believers and scholars
| PentecostalTheology.com
PNEU 29,1.qxd 3/30/07 8:55 PM Page I Pneuma VOLUME 29 NUMBER 1 Pneuma EDITORIAL Frank D. Macchia Jan Milic Lochman: A Tribute to my Doktorvater ……………. 1 Pneuma ARTICLES Shane Clifton The Spirit and Doctrinal Development: A Functional Analysis of the Traditional Pentecostal Doctrine of the Baptism in the Holy Spirit ………………………………………………………… 5 Olufunke Adeboye ‘Arrowhead’ of Nigerian Pentecostalism: The Redeemed Christian Church of God, 1952-2005 ………. 24 Dale M. Coulter The Development of Ecclesiology in the Church of God (Cleveland, TN): A Forgotten Contribution? ………… 59 Robert Menzies Anti-Charismatic Bias in the Chinese Union Version of the Bible …………………………………………………………………………………….. 86 The Pentecostal Theology The Journal of the Society for Pentecostal Theology REVIEW ESSAYS Cecil M. Robeck, Jr. Sanctified Passion or Carnal Pleasure? A Review Essay …. 103 RESPONSE David Coffey Vive la Différence — A Response to Donald Gelpi ……………….. 113 BOOK REVIEWS …………………………………………………………………….. 131 LETTER TO THE EDITOR ……………………………………………………………. 179 CONTRIBUTOR’S LIST ……………………………………………………………….. 183 The Society for Pentecostal Theology was founded in 1970 as an international organization of scholars working within the Pentecostal and Charismatic traditions. Since that time, the society has held an annual meeting in an attempt to communicate and stimulate research on the Pentecostal and Charismatic movements. In the Spring of 1979 the Society published the inaugural issue of Pentecostal Theology. 29 / 1 2007 BRILL BRILL Cover design by Graciela Galup VOLUME 29 NUMBER 1 2007 1 PNEU 29,1.qxd 3/30/07 8:56 PM Page II Pneuma The Pentecostal Theology Aims & Scope Pneuma is the Pentecostal Theology (SPS). Since its founding in 1970, the SPS has become an international society of scholars interested in Pentecostal and Charismatic studies. Though many of the more than 600 members of the Society belong to one of the Pentecostal or Charismatic churches, a number of others are involved in the Society’s annual meetings from other churches or merely from university settings. In 1979, Pneuma first appeared as the Journal of the SPS. The Journal became a major medium for the interna- tional discussion of scholarly issues related to Pentecostal and Charismatic studies. Articles have appeared over the years on matters related to the special interest groups of the SPS, namely, biblical studies, history, theology, missions, praxis, ecumenism, and religion and culture. The Journal has cherished an ecumenical and an inter- national vision as well. The staff at Pneuma trust that the Journal will bring the scholarship of the SPS and beyond to the broader awareness of the academy and the churches for the mutual benefit of both. Editor Frank D. Macchia, Vanguard University of Southern California Managing Editor Ed Rybarczyk, Vanguard University of Southern California Book Review Editor Amos Yong, Regent University Book Review Editorial Assistant Elizabeth (Libby) Hightower, Regent University Copy Editor Nancy de Flon Associate Editors Edith L. Blumhofer, University of Chicago Divinity School; Donald W. Dayton, Independent Scholar; Sherry Sherrod Dupree, Santa Fe Community College; Hannah K. Harrington, Patten College; Jeff Hittenberger, Evangel University; Cheryl Bridges Johns, Church of God School of Theology; Steven J. Land, Church of God School of Theology, Henry I. Lederle, Oral Roberts University; Leonard Lovett, Independent Scholar; Gary B. McGee, Assemblies of God Theological Seminary; Doug Petersen, Vanguard University of Southern California; Margaret M. Poloma, University of Akron, and Vanguard University of Southern California; Cecil M. Robeck Jr., Fuller Theological Seminary; James K. Smith, Calvin College; Russell P. Spittler, Vanguard University of Southern California; Roger Stronstad, Western Pentecostal Bible College; H. Vinson Synan, Regent University; Eldin Villafañe, Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary; Grant Wacker, Duke Divinity School; Everett A. Wilson, Bethany College. Submission Manuscripts submitted for consideration should be sent to the Pneuma Editor at Vanguard University, 55 Fair Drive, CostaMesa, CA 92626-9601, USA. Books for review should be sent to the Pneuma Book Review Editor, Regent University, School of Divinity, 1000 Regent University Drive, Virginia Beach, VA 23464, USA. Instructions for Authors Please refer to the fourth page of the Volume prelims or go to . Abstracting & Indexing Indexes: Articles published in Pneuma are indexed by Religion Index One: Periodicals, and Religion Index Two: Multi Author Works, published by the American Theological Library Association (ATLA), 250 S. Wacker Dr., 16th Flr., Chicago, IL 60606, E-mail: [email protected], Web: http://atla.com/ Pneuma (print ISSN 0272-0965, online ISSN 1570-0747) is published 2 times a year by BRILL, Plantijnstraat 2, 2321 JC Leiden, The Netherlands, tel +31 (0)71 5353500, fax +31 (0)71 5317532. Membership in the Society Membership in the Society for Pentecostal Theology is open to scholars, students, and others who have interest in the study of Pentecostalism and the Charismatic Renewal. Full membership or Associate membership in the society is USD 50 per year. Student membership in the society is USD 25 per year. All members receive a subscription to the journal, an occasional Newsletter, a call for papers for the annual meeting, and a brochure outlining the program of the annual meeting. Requests for an application for membership in the society should be addressed to the Executive Secretary, Society for Pentecostal Theology, P.O. Box 3802, Cleveland, TN 37320-3802, USA, [email protected] Editorial Committee of the Society for 2007 David Roebuck (chair), Lee University ; Dale Irvin, New York Theological Seminary ; Karen Kossie-Cherneyshev, Oberlin College ; Veili-Matti Kärkkäinen, Fuller Theological Seminary ; Raynard Smith, Drew University (PhD candi- date); Frank D. Macchia (ex officio), Vanguard University of Southern California; Amos Yong (ex officio), Bethel College. Officers of the Society for 2007 President: Terry Cross, Lee University, 120 North Ocoee Street, Cleveland, TN 37320-3450 First Vice President: Amos Yong, Regent University, School of Divinity, 1000 Regent University Drive, Virginia Beach, VA 23464 Immediate Past President: David Daniels, McCormick Theological Seminary, 5460 South University Drive, Chicago, IL 60615 Second Vice President: Estrelda Alexander, Regent University, School of Divinity, 1000 Regent University Drive, Virginia Beach, VA 23464 Executive Secretary and Newsletter Editor: David Roebuck, Lee Univerity, 120 North Ocoee Street, Cleveland, TN 37320-3450 Pneuma Editor: Frank D. Macchia, Vanguard University of Southern California, 55 Fair Drive, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 Diversity Group Chair: Angela Aubry, Regent University, School of Divinity, 1000 Regent University Drive, Virginia Beach, VA 23464 Webmaster: David Massey, Regent University, School of Divinity, 1000 Regent University Drive, Virginia Beach, VA 23464 Subscription rates For institutional customers, the subscription price for the print edition plus online access of Volume 29 (2007, 2 issues) is EUR 99 / USD 126. Institutional customers can also subscribe tothe online-onlyversion at EUR 89 / USD 113. Individual customers can only subscribe to the print edition at EUR 32 / USD 41. Please check our website at All prices are exclusive of VAT (not applicable outside the EU) but inclusive of shipping & handling. Subscriptions to this journal are accepted for complete volumes only and take effect with the first issue of the volume. Claims Claims for missing issues will be met, free of charge, if made within three months of dispatch for European cus- tomers and five months for customers outside Europe. Online access For details on how to gain online access, please refer to the last page of this issue or visit Pneuma online at Subscription orders, payments, claims and customer service BRILL, c/o Turpin Distribution, Stratton Business Park, Pegasus Drive, Biggleswade, Bedfordshire SG18 8TQ, United Kingdom, tel. +44 (0)1767 604954, fax +44 (0)1767 601640, e-mail [email protected] Back volumes Back volumes of the last two years are available from BRILL. Please contact our customer service as indicated above. For back volumes or issues older than 2 years, please contact Periodicals Service Company (PSC), 11 Main Street, Germantown, NY 12526, U.S.A. E-mail [email protected] or visit PSC’s website periodicals.com Back volumes are also available from The Society Society for Pentecostal Theology, P.O. Box 3802, Cleveland, TN 37320-3802, USA, [email protected], tel. (+ 1) 423 614-8577 © 2007 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints BRILL, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or trans- mitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publishers. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by the publisher provided that the appro- priate fees are paid directly to Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers MA 01923, U.S.A. Fees are subject to change. Printed in the Netherlands (on acid-free paper) Visit our web site at 2 PNEUMA PPNEU 29,1_prelims.indd iNEU 29,1_prelims.indd i 3/30/07 8:52:54 PM3/30/07 8:52:54 PM 3 Pneuma The Pentecostal Theology Aims & Scope Pneuma is the Pentecostal Theology (SPS). Since its founding in 1970, the SPS has become an international society of scholars interested in Pentecostal and Charismatic studies. T ough many of the more than 600 members of the Society belong to one of the Pentecostal or Charismatic churches, a number of others are involved in the Society’s annual meetings from other churches or merely from university settings. In 1979, Pneuma first appeared as the Journal of the SPS. The Journal became a major medium for the interna- tional discussion of scholarly issues related to Pentecostal and Charismatic studies. Articles have appeared over the years on matters related to the special interest groups of the SPS, namely, biblical studies, history, theology, missions, praxis, ecumenism, and religion and culture. The Journal has cherished an ecumenical and an inter- national vision as well. The staff at Pneuma trust that the Journal will bring the scholarship of the SPS and beyond to the broader awareness of the academy and the churches for the mutual benefit of both. Editor Frank D. Macchia, Vanguard University of Southern California Managing Editor Ed Rybarczyk, Vanguard University of Southern California Book Review Editor Amos Yong, Regent University Book Review Editorial Assistant Elizabeth (Libby) Hightower, Regent University Copy Editor Nancy de Flon Associate Editors Edith L. Blumhofer, University of Chicago Divinity School; Donald W. Dayton, Independent Scholar; Sherry Sherrod Dupree, Santa Fe Community College; Hannah K. Harrington, Patten College; Jeff Hittenberger, Evangel University; Cheryl Bridges Johns, Church of God School of T eology ; Steven J. Land, Church of God School of T eology , Henry I. Lederle, Oral Roberts University; Leonard Lovett, Independent Scholar; Gary B. McGee, Assemblies of God T eological Seminary ; Doug Petersen, Vanguard University of Southern California; Margaret M. Poloma, University of Akron, and Vanguard University of Southern California; Cecil M. Robeck Jr., Fuller T eological Seminary ; James K. Smith, Calvin College; Russell P. Spittler, Vanguard University of Southern California; Roger Stronstad, Western Pentecostal Bible College; H. Vinson Synan, Regent University; Eldin Villafañe, Gordon-Conwell T eological Seminary ; Grant Wacker, Duke Divinity School; Everett A. Wilson, Bethany College. Submission Manuscripts submitted for consideration should be sent to the Pneuma Editor at Vanguard University, 55 Fair Drive, CostaMesa, CA 92626-9601, USA. Books for review should be sent to the Pneuma Book Review Editor, Regent University, School of Divinity, 1000 Regent University Drive, Virginia Beach, VA 23464, USA. Instructions for Authors Please refer to the fourth page of the Volume prelims or go to . Abstracting & Indexing Indexes: Articles published in Pneuma are indexed by Religion Index One: Periodicals, and Religion Index Two: Multi Author Works, published by the American T eological Library Association (ATLA), 250 S. Wacker Dr., 16th Flr., Chicago, IL 60606, E-mail: [email protected], Web: http://atla.com/ Pneuma (print ISSN 0272-0965, online ISSN 1570-0747) is published 2 times a year by BRILL, Plantijnstraat 2, 2321 JC Leiden, The Netherlands, tel +31 (0)71 5353500, fax +31 (0)71 5317532. PPNEU 29,1_prelims.indd iiNEU 29,1_prelims.indd ii 3/30/07 8:52:54 PM3/30/07 8:52:54 PM 4 PNEUMA The Pentecostal Theology Volume 29 (2007) LEIDEN • BOSTON PNEU 29,1_prelims.indd iiiPNEU 29,1_prelims.indd iii 33/30/07 8:52:55 PM/30/07 8:52:55 PM 5 Instructions for Authors Manuscripts submitted for consideration should be sent to the Pneuma Editor at Vanguard University, 55 Fair Drive, Costa Mesa, CA 92626-9601, USA. Manuscripts should be typed double-spaced with footnotes on separate pages following the text. The author’s names should appear only on a separate title page and no place else on the manuscript. Please include a short abstract of no more than 150 words as well as up to six or seven keywords. Submit manuscripts on 8.5”×11” paper if possible. Include a copy of the manuscript on a 3.5” labeled disk. Indicate which word processor was used; a recent edition of MSWord is preferred. Normally, manuscripts exceeding thirty pages in length, including notes, will not be considered. Prospective authors should consult the SPS website for guidance on style: sps-usa.org. Upon publication contributors will be granted access to Pneuma online. A PDF file of your published article or book review will be downloadable for 60 days after notification (by email). You will also receive one printed copy of the journal. PNEU 29,1_prelims.indd ivPNEU 29,1_prelims.indd iv 33/30/07 8:52:55 PM/30/07 8:52:55 PM 6 Pneuma 29 (2007) 1-3 Jan Milič Lochman: A Tribute to my Doktorvater Frank D. Macchia Managing Editor [email protected] I recall when I first saw Professor Jan Lochman. My wife and I had recently arrived in Switzerland in the Summer of 1984 and I had taken the train from Zürich to Basel to investigate the possibility of studying at the University there for my doctorate. I wandered into his seminar that evening by chance. There he sat at the head of the seminar table speaking in a thick Czech accent about an “ecumenical meeting in Paris.” He was short and frail looking with glasses and a receding hairline. He seemed articulate, intelligent, and ecumenically aware. I knew of him from his recently published book, The Faith We Confess. But seeing him in person made it clear to me that he would be an ideal advisor for my doctoral research. I couldn’t have been more right. Lochman was Professor of Systematic T eology at the University of Basel for most of his career until he retired from that post in 1991. He studied the- ology at Prague while it was under Nazi rule, meeting in the homes of profes- sors in illegal theology courses. After a year of studying under Karl Barth at Basel, Lochman returned to Prague in 1948 to finish and deliver a dissertation on the theology of Reinhold Niebuhr to his Czech mentor, Josef L. Hro- madka. He returned to post-war Prague with great hopes for a new democratic society to be built from the ruins of war, only to find those hopes dashed by the placement of his country under the Soviet zone of influence. He taught at Prague until Russian tanks in 1968 caused him to flee his homeland. He taught a year at Union T eological Seminary in New York when a delegation arrived from Basel to offer him a chair of systematic theology. Lochman taught at Basel until his retirement in 1991. Early in his career as a theologian, Lochman saw the “homelessness” of God in a Marxist society as a valuable opportunity for theologians who spoke from the margins. The collapse of the Constantinian privilege for theology in a © Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2007| DOI: 10.1163/157007407X178210 PPNEU 29,1_f2_1-3.indd 1NEU 29,1_f2_1-3.indd 1 3/30/07 8:45:43 PM3/30/07 8:45:43 PM 7 2 F. D. Macchia / Pneuma 29 (2007) 1-3 Marxist society served for Lochman to liberate theology from bondage to oppressive ideologies and systems. In such a setting Lochman was deeply impressed by Bonhoeffer’s insight into the cultural and social marginalization of the idea of God. Humanity had come of age and was now prepared to over- come alienation and move toward its future without the baggage of God as a metaphysical necessity. Lochman took from Barth the conviction that the name of God is not built into a closed ontological system, with God necessar- ily posited as the beginning, crown, and goal of a social or cosmic movement. He found in Barth rather the God who transcends even death itself in order to covenant with humanity as a living partner for a new historical future that embraces but also transcends human goals or natural processes. As such, the God of Scripture can never be reduced to the idols easily dis- missed by Marxist critics. Lochman often contrasted the God of biblical faith with the image of God rejected in Marx’s exaltation of Prometheus as the saint of the philosophical calendar. Prometheus tried to challenge the eternal laws of an autocratic or cosmically pre-established hierarchical order. But such an order is not descriptive of the God of Scripture. The God of the biblical wit- ness is not Zeus who seeks to compete with human beings by using mytho- logical or ontological chains to bind them to an unchangeable spot in the universe. The God of Scripture calls humanity to freedom and to a covenant partnership that is redemptive and liberating. The Promethean protest is thus not the sin of Adam and Eve. The first human parents broke their vital link with the divine by giving up the dignity and responsibility due them as humans in the image of God. In God’s image, humans are not intended as rivals to God but as covenant partners and heirs of the promise. T ey do not face an unchangeable order of the cosmos or society but the promise and responsibil- ity of becoming involved in a redemptive process. T us the “Zeus-Prometheus” model of the divine-human relationship is radically overcome in the biblical perspective. Oppressive, authoritarian “class” structures determining the rela- tionship between God and human beings are overthrown. The emancipation of humankind is not an affront to this God, but a basic concern. Lochman even claimed that there is a place for Prometheus in the Christian calendar! Lochman’s interest in the loss of the privileged place for theology would not remain tied to the challenge of secularism or atheist ideology. He was to later apply his insights to postmodern pluralism by stressing the dialectic of a zeal for truth and a passion for tolerance. On the surface there may seem to be a tension between these two passions. In Barthian fashion, Lochman under- stood the tension through christological lenses. In Christ one finds a dialectic of exclusivity (“there is salvation by no other name . . .”) and inclusivity, for the PNEU 29,1_f2_1-3.indd 2PNEU 29,1_f2_1-3.indd 2 33/30/07 8:45:43 PM/30/07 8:45:43 PM 8 F. D. Macchia / Pneuma 29 (2007) 1-3 3 exclusive starting point for Christian soteriology inaugurates an inclusive his- tory. The Christ Jesus that Christians embrace as exclusively the one under whose name we are saved is at the same time disturbingly inclusive. Tolerance in this christological context cannot be understood as bland indifference (an indifferentia) but rather as a transaction in difference (differentia). T eology depicts a dialogue across boundaries in which differences are mutually related and patiently borne with. Furthermore, the Christian is called to follow the Christ whose humanity is uniquely inclusive, namely, in unconditional soli- darity with others beyond human gulfs and borders. It is little wonder that Lochman’s dogmatics would include dialogue with two other theologians (Heinrich Ott and Fritz Büri) and bear the title, Dogmatik im Dialog. Dialogue is necessary, since no single voice can claim the field in the diver- sity of witnesses provoked by the Spirit of Christ. Lochman once termed the Holy Spirit the ultimate “dialectician,” since the Spirit continually calls the church’s identity and witness into question towards ongoing renewal and more meaningful contextualization. We are never at rest or complacent about our identity as the body of Christ or about the quality of our witness in the world. We are always urged to hear afresh what the Spirit is saying to the churches. I can still see Lochman now at the seminar table bringing his dialectical method to bear on issues in dialogue with his doctoral students. He died suddenly in February of 2004 at the age of 81. But the clarity, depth and ecumenical breadth of his thought is a valuable gift to all who have had the privilege of coming under his influence. PNEU 29,1_f2_1-3.indd 3PNEU 29,1_f2_1-3.indd 3 33/30/07 8:45:44 PM/30/07 8:45:44 PM 9 PNEU 29,1_f3_4-23.indd 4PNEU 29,1_f3_4-23.indd 4 3/30/07 8:46:06 PM3/30/07 8:46:06 PM 10
